bonfire
/ˈbɑnˌfaɪɚ/
Word Rarity
Rare
Frequency: 3.33 in modern English
12
Scrabble Score
7
Letters
3
Syllables
7
Unique Chars
Meaning
noun
A fire lit outdoors to burn unwanted items; originally (historical), heretics or other offenders, or banned books; now, generally agricultural or garden waste, or rubbish.
noun
Something like a bonfire (sense 1 or 2) in heat, destructiveness, ferocity, etc.
verb
To destroy (something) by, or as if by, burning on a bonfire; (more generally) to burn or set alight.
Transitive verb
Example Sentences
- "O thou art a perpetuall triumph, an euerlaſting bonefire light, […]"
- "Theſe vvith the like diſtaſtures, diuulged among the rude multitude, it vvas a vvorld to ſee the face of this nevv VVorld, for in euery ſtreete Bonfires vvere made, in euery Church bels rung, Ditties vvere ſung at euery meeting, and euery man cryed K. Henry, King Henry, […]"
- "And vve particularly remember, that, being at ſome diſtance from London one Night, that the People, upon a very vvell-come Occaſion, teſtified their Joy by numerous Bon-fires; though, by reaſon of the Interpoſition of the Houſes, vve could not ſee the Fires themſelves, yet vve could plainly ſee the Air all enlighten'd over and near the City; vvhich argu'd, that the lucid Beams ſhot upvvards from the Fires, met in the Air with the Corpuſcles opacous enough to reflect them to our Eyes."
- "Towns have been taken, and battles have been won; the mob has huzza'd round bonefires, the Stentor of the chappel has ſtrained his throat in the gallery, and the Stentor of S——m has deafned his audience from the pulpit."
- "The bells of all England rang joyously: the gutters ran with ale; and, night after night, the sky five miles round London was reddened by innumerable bonfires."
- "A number of towns in East Sussex, and on the borders of Kent and Surrey, make a special feature of huge bonfires and torchlight processions with fireworks on Guy Fawkes day or an early November Saturday."
Etymology
PIE word *péh₂wr̥ From Middle English bonnefyre (“a fire in which bones are burnt, bonfire”) [and other forms], by surface analysis, bone + fire. Replaced earlier Middle English bale-fyre, from Old English bǣlfȳr (see balefire). The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) notes that bonfires, originally lit as part of midsummer celebrations, were not generally associated with the burning of bones. However, the first edition of the OED (under the title A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 1887) stated that “for the annual midsummer ‘banefire’ or ‘bonfire’ in the burgh of Hawick [in Roxburghshire, Scotland], old bones were regularly collected and stored up, down to c. 1800”. The verb is derived from the noun. Cognate with Scots banefire (“bonfire”).
Origin
Word Breakdown
- Root: *bʰeyh₂-, bonnefyre
Regional Pronunciation
- American English: /ˈbɑnˌfaɪɚ/
- British English: /ˈbɒnfaɪə/
Usage
Inflected Forms
bonfires (plural)
burnfire (alternative, nonstandard)
bonefire (alternative, obsolete)
boanefier (alternative, obsolete)
bonefier (alternative, obsolete)
beane fyre (alternative, obsolete)
bon-fier (alternative, obsolete)
bonfier (alternative, obsolete)
bonfyer (alternative, obsolete)
bone fyre (alternative, obsolete)
bon-fire (alternative, obsolete)
bonfires (present, singular)